Which concept envisions using highly automated aircraft for transportation at lower altitudes in urban areas?

The concept that envisions using highly automated aircraft for transportation at lower altitudes in urban areas is Urban Air Mobility (UAM). UAM focuses on the development of new air transportation systems that can alleviate urban congestion through the use of small, automated, flying vehicles for short-distance travel. This concept includes the design, regulation, and implementation of aircraft that can operate in urban environments, providing a solution to ground traffic issues while also offering time-efficient travel options.

UAM is characterized by the integration of these aircraft into existing urban transportation networks, making use of vertiports and enabling seamless connections with other forms of public transport. This concept aligns closely with the advancements in technology that allow for the automation, safety, and reduced environmental impact of these air vehicles, which are typically smaller and operate at lower altitudes compared to traditional commercial aircraft.

Other concepts like Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) encompass a broader range of operations, including longer-distance flights and various types of aircraft, while Vertical Flight Aviation focuses specifically on the capability of vertical take-off and landing without ensuring the urban-centric application. Integrated Passenger Transport deals more with coordinating different transport modes rather than specifically addressing aircraft operations in urban settings.